Therapists in Hamtramck, MI

Tracy L. Boudrie
Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Hamtramck, MI 48212
I am a Clinician and the Behavioral Health Director for a clinic providing culturally competent care to people from all walks of life looking for support to reach their goals/potential. We provide support for issues such as sadness, depression, or anxiety, and are looking for someone to help you find your own personal resolutions. We work as a team to help you find the BEST options for YOU to work through your concerns, reach your goals, and get to living your Best Life! We would be honored if you allowed us to walk your path with you to find your Ideal space where calm and tranquility permeate.
I am a Clinician and the Behavioral Health Director for a clinic providing culturally competent care to people from all walks of life looking for support to reach their goals/potential. We provide support for issues such as sadness, depression, or anxiety, and are looking for someone to help you find your own personal resolutions. We work as a team to help you find the BEST options for YOU to work through your concerns, reach your goals, and get to living your Best Life! We would be honored if you allowed us to walk your path with you to find your Ideal space where calm and tranquility permeate.
(313) 986-1154 View (313) 986-1154
Photo of Starr A Allen-Pettway - Starr Allen-Pettway, LMSW, BS, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Starr Allen-Pettway, LMSW
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, BS, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Hamtramck, MI 48212
It is my personal and professional desire to see each and every person succeed. Life has its way of knocking us down, but it is in the getting up where we find our greatest strength. It is my heart and my pleasure to aid people in the getting back up and finding their strength from within, to build on the life they want and greatly deserve. Therapeutic relationships can be the critical link to getting people through some of the toughest moments in their life, and it is my pleasure to support and serve those that need it most.
It is my personal and professional desire to see each and every person succeed. Life has its way of knocking us down, but it is in the getting up where we find our greatest strength. It is my heart and my pleasure to aid people in the getting back up and finding their strength from within, to build on the life they want and greatly deserve. Therapeutic relationships can be the critical link to getting people through some of the toughest moments in their life, and it is my pleasure to support and serve those that need it most.
(313) 395-1886 View (313) 395-1886
Photo of Angie Ramsey, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Angie Ramsey
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Hamtramck, MI 48212
Do you feel disempowered by experiences in your past? I can help you reclaim your life after difficult life events and trauma. I utilize holistic evidence-based tools including EMDR, Brainspotting, and parts work to help you heal and create sustaining change in your life. In our sessions, you can expect to understand how your experiences have shaped you, how your thoughts and feelings impact you, and ways to improve your life.
Do you feel disempowered by experiences in your past? I can help you reclaim your life after difficult life events and trauma. I utilize holistic evidence-based tools including EMDR, Brainspotting, and parts work to help you heal and create sustaining change in your life. In our sessions, you can expect to understand how your experiences have shaped you, how your thoughts and feelings impact you, and ways to improve your life.
(248) 956-1194 View (248) 956-1194
Nourelhouda Jouni
Counselor, MA, LLPC
Verified Verified
Hamtramck, MI 48212
It is okay to not be okay, as long as you are willing and ready to invite change and progression into your life. Though, deciding to seek help can be one of the most difficult and most rewarding decisions you will ever make. Be assured that therapy is an individualized journey that empowers you to be honest and open, giving you the willingness to overcome your struggles. My approach to therapy is holistic, inclusive, realistic, and aims to achieve your healing goals based on your own needs and preference. Therefore, I strive to develop a plan that will largely be dependent on your own individuality and what you bring to the session.
It is okay to not be okay, as long as you are willing and ready to invite change and progression into your life. Though, deciding to seek help can be one of the most difficult and most rewarding decisions you will ever make. Be assured that therapy is an individualized journey that empowers you to be honest and open, giving you the willingness to overcome your struggles. My approach to therapy is holistic, inclusive, realistic, and aims to achieve your healing goals based on your own needs and preference. Therefore, I strive to develop a plan that will largely be dependent on your own individuality and what you bring to the session.
(313) 217-3620 View (313) 217-3620
Photo of Stephanie Kaye Wilks, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Stephanie Kaye Wilks
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Hamtramck, MI 48212
Waitlist for new clients
Are you or members of your family struggling with relationships or communication? Do you or someone in your family have trauma-based needs? I've worked exclusively with families and children since 2019. I help my clients understand why they respond the way they do, and how to respond differently. I specialize in trauma, and trauma-based patterns. I'm also comfortable working with people who are neurodivergent. Single parent struggle? I can help with that too! I've helped adults and children with self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideation, anxiety, anger, and other emotional, relational, and behavioral issues.
Are you or members of your family struggling with relationships or communication? Do you or someone in your family have trauma-based needs? I've worked exclusively with families and children since 2019. I help my clients understand why they respond the way they do, and how to respond differently. I specialize in trauma, and trauma-based patterns. I'm also comfortable working with people who are neurodivergent. Single parent struggle? I can help with that too! I've helped adults and children with self-harm behaviors, suicidal ideation, anxiety, anger, and other emotional, relational, and behavioral issues.
(248) 419-4869 View (248) 419-4869
Photo of Ayana Simmons, PsyD, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Ayana Simmons
Limited Licensed Psychologist, PsyD, LLP
Verified Verified
Hamtramck, MI 48212  (Online Only)
Development of a healthy therapeutic relationship can be a beneficial experience. The process of establishing this relationship entails personal time to explore thoughts, emotions, wants, hopes and dreams in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment.
Development of a healthy therapeutic relationship can be a beneficial experience. The process of establishing this relationship entails personal time to explore thoughts, emotions, wants, hopes and dreams in a safe and supportive therapeutic environment.
(313) 992-7464 View (313) 992-7464

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of James Ryan Trapp, MSCP, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
James Ryan Trapp
Licensed Professional Counselor, MSCP, LPC
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48203  (Online Only)
Most people need help adjusting to changes, coping with trauma, and managing stress. Most people want to better understand themselves. This journey can be challenging and often painful. You need support at times, and it takes strength to ask for it. If you are ready for a new path, and ready to learn about yourself, please contact me today.
Most people need help adjusting to changes, coping with trauma, and managing stress. Most people want to better understand themselves. This journey can be challenging and often painful. You need support at times, and it takes strength to ask for it. If you are ready for a new path, and ready to learn about yourself, please contact me today.
(248) 916-1827 View (248) 916-1827
Photo of Markiesha Johnson, LMSW-C, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Markiesha Johnson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW-C
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48202
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and negative thoughts? Do you feel down and blue after giving birth to a baby and don’t know why? Are you tired of putting up a facade on the outside when in fact you are hurting on the inside? Have you lost a loved one and have difficulty coping with grief? Are these feelings affecting your personal and professional relationships? My goal is to help you navigate through this journey that we call “life” by providing you with the necessary tools to overcome life’s obstacles.
Are you struggling with anxiety, depression, sleep disturbances, and negative thoughts? Do you feel down and blue after giving birth to a baby and don’t know why? Are you tired of putting up a facade on the outside when in fact you are hurting on the inside? Have you lost a loved one and have difficulty coping with grief? Are these feelings affecting your personal and professional relationships? My goal is to help you navigate through this journey that we call “life” by providing you with the necessary tools to overcome life’s obstacles.
(313) 217-3854 View (313) 217-3854
Photo of Holly Flammer, PhD(c), MA, QMHA
Holly Flammer
PhD(c), MA, QMHA
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48202
I am taking new clients, in Reno and nationwide. I specialize in: attachment and adult relationships, reframing pathology and mental illness diagnosis, addiction issues, sexual trauma and sexual dysfunction, shadow and dream work, psychedelic integration and narrative therapies and lastly self actualization and living and creating the life of your dreams! Reach out today to chat! Holly Flammer, QMHA (Qualified Mental Health Associate-Medicaid), MA (Masters in Transpersonal Psychology), Ph.D. (c), (Ph.D. candidate in Jungian Depth Psychology and Integrative Healing Methods).
I am taking new clients, in Reno and nationwide. I specialize in: attachment and adult relationships, reframing pathology and mental illness diagnosis, addiction issues, sexual trauma and sexual dysfunction, shadow and dream work, psychedelic integration and narrative therapies and lastly self actualization and living and creating the life of your dreams! Reach out today to chat! Holly Flammer, QMHA (Qualified Mental Health Associate-Medicaid), MA (Masters in Transpersonal Psychology), Ph.D. (c), (Ph.D. candidate in Jungian Depth Psychology and Integrative Healing Methods).
(775) 535-5974 View (775) 535-5974
Photo of Mariena Celene Jones, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Mariena Celene Jones
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48202
Waitlist for new clients
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
When life feels overwhelming, hard to navigate, or burdensome, therapy can offer a consistent and safe environment of support. I believe in integrating all aspects of the individual into the therapeutic experience to view challenges through a holistic approach. You are a full spectrum person, and by incorporating the body, spirit, and mind in therapy, we can work together to develop an improved quality of life and achieve your goals. As your therapist it is important to me to develop a collaborative and trusting relationship with you, serving as the foundation for growth. I believe in therapy as a support to feel confident and free.
(248) 846-1628 View (248) 846-1628
Photo of Danni H. - The Lost child , MA, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
The Lost child
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MA, LMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48234
Here is where your inner child will meet its Match! As a Traveling Therapist, I can meet you and your inner child in your natural setting. My goal is to identify challenges and triggers that will help me identify and connect with your inner child. This will guide me to identify the barriers affecting your ability to communicate, relate and create healthy relationships. My Therapy approaches are perfect for Friends, Family, Parenting, Marriage and Pre Marital Couples.
Here is where your inner child will meet its Match! As a Traveling Therapist, I can meet you and your inner child in your natural setting. My goal is to identify challenges and triggers that will help me identify and connect with your inner child. This will guide me to identify the barriers affecting your ability to communicate, relate and create healthy relationships. My Therapy approaches are perfect for Friends, Family, Parenting, Marriage and Pre Marital Couples.
(313) 513-1658 View (313) 513-1658
Photo of Paul Wierzbicki, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Paul Wierzbicki
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48216  (Online Only)
Queer, here, and ready to help you heal! If you're looking for someone to help you identify your strengths, reach a new level of insight about you and who you want to become, plus meet you where you're at; I'm here for you. Problems that I can help with include self-esteem building, anxiety, depression, ADHD, stress management, anger management, grief and loss, and adjustments and acceptance of major events, as well as other problems you may be struggling with. I am trained in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). I can help you identify your thoughts and help provide support forming balanced and adaptive thinking
Queer, here, and ready to help you heal! If you're looking for someone to help you identify your strengths, reach a new level of insight about you and who you want to become, plus meet you where you're at; I'm here for you. Problems that I can help with include self-esteem building, anxiety, depression, ADHD, stress management, anger management, grief and loss, and adjustments and acceptance of major events, as well as other problems you may be struggling with. I am trained in cognitive behavior therapy (CBT). I can help you identify your thoughts and help provide support forming balanced and adaptive thinking
(248) 422-1716 View (248) 422-1716
Photo of Dawn Alexis Clark-Pitts - DDC Counseling and Consulting, LLC, MA, LPC, PMP, Licensed Professional Counselor
DDC Counseling and Consulting, LLC
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC, PMP
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48202
My counseling philosophy is difficult doesn't mean impossible. I believe counseling involves helping you move from your current state towards what you are capable of becoming. This can be accomplished through a counseling relationship that (1) is genuine and real (2) enables you to experience acceptance and care, and (3) helps you to feel understood.
My counseling philosophy is difficult doesn't mean impossible. I believe counseling involves helping you move from your current state towards what you are capable of becoming. This can be accomplished through a counseling relationship that (1) is genuine and real (2) enables you to experience acceptance and care, and (3) helps you to feel understood.
(313) 462-2606 View (313) 462-2606
Photo of Sierra Johnson, MA, LLP, Limited Licensed Psychologist
Sierra Johnson
Limited Licensed Psychologist, MA, LLP
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48203
I provide an eclectic approach, primarily utilizing behavioral, humanistic, psycho-spiritual, and inner child modalities – with a specialization in complex trauma, shadow work, generational patterns, and the journey to authenticity. My practice is person-centered, meaning that I’m a guide in your exploration of self – I may be nudging and pointing things out, but you, as the client, are ultimately leading where we go. My goal is to enrich and point out the positive traits that you already possess, and offer acknowledgment into aspects of yourself or your circumstances that you maybe haven’t seen yet.
I provide an eclectic approach, primarily utilizing behavioral, humanistic, psycho-spiritual, and inner child modalities – with a specialization in complex trauma, shadow work, generational patterns, and the journey to authenticity. My practice is person-centered, meaning that I’m a guide in your exploration of self – I may be nudging and pointing things out, but you, as the client, are ultimately leading where we go. My goal is to enrich and point out the positive traits that you already possess, and offer acknowledgment into aspects of yourself or your circumstances that you maybe haven’t seen yet.
(248) 702-5149 View (248) 702-5149
Photo of Megan Dunne, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Megan Dunne
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48202  (Online Only)
We all need a little help sometimes. Therapy is a great tool to have to overcome life’s tough times. Are you new to therapy? Or someone who has seen a therapist before? Regardless of your previous experiences with therapy, I offer everyone a safe, private and professional experience. Together we will address your concerns and then plan and execute change. As far back as I can remember, I have always been concerned with other people’s happiness. As a child I knew that one day I would have a career in a “helping profession”. My approach to therapy is a holistic one.
We all need a little help sometimes. Therapy is a great tool to have to overcome life’s tough times. Are you new to therapy? Or someone who has seen a therapist before? Regardless of your previous experiences with therapy, I offer everyone a safe, private and professional experience. Together we will address your concerns and then plan and execute change. As far back as I can remember, I have always been concerned with other people’s happiness. As a child I knew that one day I would have a career in a “helping profession”. My approach to therapy is a holistic one.
(313) 251-4872 View (313) 251-4872
Photo of Brandy Mason - Your Heart Matters Counseling & Consulting, LLC, MA, LLPC, Counselor
Your Heart Matters Counseling & Consulting, LLC
Counselor, MA, LLPC
Not Verified Not Verified
1 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48202  (Online Only)
Greetings, If you have arrived to my page it was not by accident! You were guided to this page seeking assistance from a trusted, safe and compassionate Christian Counselor. I will support you with unresolved trauma, a wounded heart, addictive patterns, unwanted behaviors and or life's transitions. I'm also here to aid couple's experiencing relational challenges. You (both) deserve to live in peace and to have clarity while doing so! God is calling you to walk into a new normal, releasing everything causing you to be stagnant. Whatever your reasons, I am happy you are here and believe that you've made the right first step. Welcome!
Greetings, If you have arrived to my page it was not by accident! You were guided to this page seeking assistance from a trusted, safe and compassionate Christian Counselor. I will support you with unresolved trauma, a wounded heart, addictive patterns, unwanted behaviors and or life's transitions. I'm also here to aid couple's experiencing relational challenges. You (both) deserve to live in peace and to have clarity while doing so! God is calling you to walk into a new normal, releasing everything causing you to be stagnant. Whatever your reasons, I am happy you are here and believe that you've made the right first step. Welcome!
(313) 488-4156 View (313) 488-4156
Photo of Matthew Hutchinson, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Matthew Hutchinson
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48212
Not accepting new clients
Finding space to center your presence in what matters most to you is important but sometimes it feels difficult to protect our time and energy. We seek out therapy for many different reasons, but you find that you want to mindfully reflect on your personal history and make helpful changes that increase your abilities to cope with challenges you face, set healthy boundaries, and develop a deeper knowledge of your personal beliefs.
Finding space to center your presence in what matters most to you is important but sometimes it feels difficult to protect our time and energy. We seek out therapy for many different reasons, but you find that you want to mindfully reflect on your personal history and make helpful changes that increase your abilities to cope with challenges you face, set healthy boundaries, and develop a deeper knowledge of your personal beliefs.
(248) 900-1556 View (248) 900-1556
Photo of Angela Marie Hunter - Restoration U, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Restoration U
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48203
Sometimes you may become overwhelmed due to changes in routine or major events such as a new school, grades, finances, becoming a new parent, losing a loved one, divorce, or conflict in relationships. These life events may lead to anxiety, low self esteem, lack of motivation, and loss of direction. These struggles appear in different ways for each person and lasts for varying amounts of time. However, we can not always recover on our own due to depression, anxiety, past trauma, or other underlying influence. I am a therapist (LPC), here to help you on your journey to healing and becoming your best self.
Sometimes you may become overwhelmed due to changes in routine or major events such as a new school, grades, finances, becoming a new parent, losing a loved one, divorce, or conflict in relationships. These life events may lead to anxiety, low self esteem, lack of motivation, and loss of direction. These struggles appear in different ways for each person and lasts for varying amounts of time. However, we can not always recover on our own due to depression, anxiety, past trauma, or other underlying influence. I am a therapist (LPC), here to help you on your journey to healing and becoming your best self.
(248) 970-1417 View (248) 970-1417
Photo of Sara Krahel, LLMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Sara Krahel
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LLMSW
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Detroit, MI 48202
Are you wrestling with how your life is impacted by your own disability, sexual orientation, or gender identity? Are you a parent struggling how to navigate the world when you have a child who has a disability or is figuring out their own identity when it comes to potentially being a part of the LGBTQ+ community? These are questions and worries that are difficult to navigate on your own. It is helpful to have an unbiased person to turn to so you can process and understand how your intersectional identities can impact your life and the lives of your loved ones.
Are you wrestling with how your life is impacted by your own disability, sexual orientation, or gender identity? Are you a parent struggling how to navigate the world when you have a child who has a disability or is figuring out their own identity when it comes to potentially being a part of the LGBTQ+ community? These are questions and worries that are difficult to navigate on your own. It is helpful to have an unbiased person to turn to so you can process and understand how your intersectional identities can impact your life and the lives of your loved ones.
(248) 653-1793 View (248) 653-1793
Photo of Gerald Tyler, LMSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Gerald Tyler
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LMSW
Verified Verified
Detroit, MI 48234
You've lost hope that things can get better on your own. You want to be happy and feel safe, but you don't know how. Whether you are an individual who has lost direction, or a couple struggling to remember why you are still together, we can work towards better.
You've lost hope that things can get better on your own. You want to be happy and feel safe, but you don't know how. Whether you are an individual who has lost direction, or a couple struggling to remember why you are still together, we can work towards better.
(313) 546-8207 View (313) 546-8207

How does your Therapist compare?

Number of Therapists in Hamtramck, MI

< 10

Therapists in Hamtramck, MI who prioritize treating:

100% Relationship Issues
83% Depression
83% Anxiety
83% Grief
83% Parenting
83% Divorce
83% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

8 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

100% BlueCross and BlueShield
75% Aetna
75% Medicaid

How Therapists in Hamtramck, MI see their clients

84% In Person and Online
16% Online Only

Gender breakdown

100% Female
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Hamtramck?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.

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