Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air (CREA)

❗🇷🇺❗Revenues from fossil fuels continue to enable Russia’s invasion of Ukraine Weekly snapshot for 14 to 20 October 2024👇 ⚠️ Russia exported an est. EUR 4.47 bn of fossil fuels 🩸EUR 1.92 bn oil 🩸EUR 1.38 bn oil products & chemicals 🩸EUR 0.73 bn gas 🩸EUR 0.44 bn coal 🚢 In the week of 14 to 20 October 2024, EUR 1.61 bn was loaded on European/G7 owned or insured tankers, helping finance Russia’s invasion of Ukraine The week of 14 to 20 October 2024, the top five importers were: 🇨🇳 China 🇮🇳 India 🇹🇷 Turkey 🇪🇺 EU 🇧🇷 Brazil 🇷🇺 CREA's weekly snapshot of Russian fossil fuel exports for 14 to 20 October 2024 is now available here in English & 🇺🇦 Ukrainian: ➡ https://lnkd.in/e26D7G6d 🧮 Find all related CREA data here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/giQ7kngb #CleanAir #CleanEnergy #Europe #EU #FossilFuels #G7 #NATO #OFAC #Russia #StandWithUkraine #Ukraine

📰 🇨🇳 | Chinese firms & banks continue to support coal power expansion overseas, despite a 2021 pledge by President Xi Jinping to halt all new construction abroad CREA’s 3rd annual review of the ban found that 7.9 GW of China-backed coal plant capacity has come online since last year's report, bringing the total to 26.2 GW, up from 18.3 and 9.2 in 2023 and 2022 💡 Many are captive for industry like metal smelting 📄 Read the CREA and People of Asia for Climate Solutions (PACS) report: ➡ https://lnkd.in/d87bFSg8 See news w/@Bloomberg: ➡ https://lnkd.in/d536FPuh #Captive #CaptiveCoal #CaptivePower #China #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Coal #Decarbonisation #EnergyPolicy #EnergyTransition #Industry #Metals #Nickel #Renewables #Smelting

NEW | China monthly snapshot on energy & air pollution out now in EN & CN👇 📈 In September 2024, China's total power generation increased by 11%, while overall electricity consumption grew by 8.5% 💨 Wind up 56.1% year-on-year (YoY) ☀️ Solar up 49.5% 📈Coal & gas up 8.8% & 20.9% ☢️ Nuclear up 2.2% 📈 In Sept. 2024, China's coal imports rose 13% 💡 In the past few months, imported coal has a price advantage over domestic, creating a big increase in coal imports 📉 Crude oil imports in September down by 0.5% 📈 Natural gas imports up by 19% ☀️ From Jan. to Sept. 2024, newly installed solar reached 161 GW, up 25% YoY 💨 Newly installed wind power capacity from Jan. to Sept. reached 39.12 GW, up 17% YoY In first 9 months of 2024, 33.43 GW of thermal (coal & gas) power plants was added, down -15% YoY ☀️ In Sept. 2024, solar cell 12-month moving sum production reached 595 gigawatts - showing slight recovery from previous dip 🚗 China's NEV production surged by 51%, continuing with strong growth despite dip in overall vehicle production, highlighting robust demand for NEVs 🌫️ In Sept. 2024, worst PM2.5 was in northern China, with Shijiazhuang, capital of Hebei province, at the top Worst ozone was in Sichuan, in southwestern China Shenyang, capital of Liaoning province, had worst NO2 - a toxic gas that contributes to PM2.5 & ozone CREA's October 2024 monthly snapshot of China's energy & air pollution trends is now available in EN & CN Find full snapshot & subscribe here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/eEaxRbDM #AirPollution #AirQuality #China #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Coal #Emissions #Energy #EnergyTransition #NEV #NewEnergyVehicle #Power #Renewables #Solar #Wind

❗🇷🇺❗Revenues from fossil fuels continue to enable Russia’s invasion of Ukraine Weekly snapshot for 7 to 13 October 2024👇 ⚠️ Russia exported an est. EUR 4.2 bn of fossil fuels 🩸EUR 2.05 bn oil 🩸EUR 1.13 bn oil products & chemicals 🩸EUR 0.59 bn gas 🩸EUR 0.43 bn coal 🚢 In the week of 7 to 13 October 2024, EUR 1.31 bn of Russian fossil fuels was loaded on European/G7 owned or insured tankers, helping finance their invasion of Ukraine The week of 7 to 13 October 2024, the top five importers of Russian fossil fuels were: 🇨🇳 China 🇮🇳 India 🇹🇷 Turkey 🇪🇺 EU 🇸🇬 Singapore 🇷🇺 CREA's weekly snapshot of Russian fossil fuel exports for 7 to 13 October 2024 is now available here in English & 🇺🇦 Ukrainian: ➡ https://lnkd.in/e8uANmuh 🧮 Find all related CREA data here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/giQ7kngb #CleanAir #CleanEnergy #Europe #EU #FossilFuels #G7 #NATO #OFAC #Russia #StandWithUkraine #Ukraine

🇨🇳 NEW | Report: 3 years later: Impacts of China’s overseas coal power ban 🌏 In Sept 2021, China banned all new coal plants abroad & pledged more support for RE development in host countries ⚠️ Yet, in 2024 only 5.6 gigawatts (GW) of coal capacity was cancelled 🏭 Since 2023's report, an additional 7.9 GW of China-backed coal plant capacity has become operational, bringing the total operational capacity since the pledge to 26.2 GW — up from 18.3 GW in 2023 and 9.2 GW in 2022 ❌ 💨 Over the three years following the pledge, 42.8 GW of cancelled projects have avoided 4.5 billion tonnes of cumulative lifetime carbon emissions 🚧 Yet, 52 plants remain in the permitted, pre-permit, & construction phases for a total 49.5 GW of additional capacity 🌱 Cancelling these plants could prevent 202.5 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually and an estimated 5.1 billion by 2050 💡 Captive power, which has long been a grey area in China's coal pledge, continues to be a significant loophole ⚠️ Since the 2023 report, 6.8 GW of previously unannounced capacity moved to pre-permit or directly into construction in Indonesia, Zambia & Zimbabwe 🏛️ CREA proposes the following policy recommendations: 🔴 Address captive power loophole 🔴 Prioritise renewable energy investments 🔴 Signal clear commitment to sustainable energy transition 🔴 Provide technical & financial support for host country energy transition strategies 🇨🇳 CREA's 2024 annual report on China's overseas coal ban is now available here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/gcfDwYvN #CaptiveCoal #CaptivePower #China #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Coal #Decarbonisation #EnergyPolicy #Renewables

🇨🇳 NEW | Report: 3 years later: Impacts of China’s overseas coal power ban 🌏 In Sept 2021, China banned all new coal plants abroad & pledged more support for RE development in host countries ⚠️ Yet, in 2024 only 5.6 gigawatts (GW) of coal capacity was cancelled 🏭 Since 2023's report, an additional 7.9 GW of China-backed coal plant capacity has become operational, bringing the total operational capacity since the pledge to 26.2 GW — up from 18.3 GW in 2023 and 9.2 GW in 2022 ❌ 💨 Over the three years following the pledge, 42.8 GW of cancelled projects have avoided 4.5 billion tonnes of cumulative lifetime carbon emissions 🚧 Yet, 52 plants remain in the permitted, pre-permit, & construction phases for a total 49.5 GW of additional capacity 🌱 Cancelling these plants could prevent 202.5 million tonnes of CO2 emissions annually and an estimated 5.1 billion by 2050 💡 Captive power, which has long been a grey area in China's coal pledge, continues to be a significant loophole ⚠️ Since the 2023 report, 6.8 GW of previously unannounced capacity moved to pre-permit or directly into construction in Indonesia, Zambia & Zimbabwe 🏛️ CREA proposes the following policy recommendations: 🔴 Address captive power loophole 🔴 Prioritise renewable energy investments 🔴 Signal clear commitment to sustainable energy transition 🔴 Provide technical & financial support for host country energy transition strategies 🇨🇳 CREA's 2024 annual report on China's overseas coal ban is now available here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/gcfDwYvN #CaptiveCoal #CaptivePower #China #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Coal #Decarbonisation #EnergyPolicy #Renewables

🇷🇺 🇨🇿 NEW | Czechia has spent 5x more on Russian oil & gas than aid to Ukraine since the full-scale invasion ❗Since start of invasion, more than EUR 7 billion went to Russian oil & gas vs EUR 1.29 billion in aid ❗Oil imports created EUR 2.3 billion in tax revenue for the Kremlin 📈Czech reliance on Russian crude rose to 60% in 2023 despite gov't plans to phase it out 📉By early 2024, reliance had decreased to 49%, similar to pre-invasion levels ⚠️ But even with non-Russian energy options, the Czech gov't has not done enough to phase out Russian imports ❗The sole crude oil refiner in Czechia, Orlen Unipetrol, used the EU Russian oil import ban exemption to buy high volumes of discounted Russian crude ⛽ Yet during high reliance on discounted Russian crude, savings were not reflected in consumer petrol prices 💡 Czechia can fully phase out its Russian crude dependence by: 🇪🇺 Maximising petroleum product imports from Western Europe 🛢️ Full utilisation of its ample storage capacity, worth around 3.6 mn tonnes - around half of total annual imports 📈 Czechia's imports of Russian gas have also increased Czechia spent EUR 440 mn on increased imports in H1 2024, despite having ample alternative non-Russian supply options from Norway & the global LNG market ⚠️ Czechia does not need Russian pipeline gas for security of supply CREA & Center for the Study of Democracy's full report on Czechia's imports of Russian fossil fuels is now available here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/e5i3cR8Y #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Crude #Czechia #CzechRepublic #Europe #EU #FossilFuels #Oil #Russia #StandWithUkraine #Ukraine

🇷🇺 NEW | September 2024 monthly analysis on Russian fossil fuel exports & sanctions 🚨 66% of Russian oil & products shipped by ‘shadow’ tankers ⚠️ Revenues from seaborne crude oil hold despite 10% drop in volumes ❗Discount on Urals grade crude oil narrowed to USD 2.9 per barrel Top importers of RU fossil fuels were: 🇨🇳China 🇮🇳 India 🇹🇷 Turkey 🇪🇺 EU 🇧🇷 Brazil ⚠️ Crude oil comprised 58% of China’s imports and 85% of India’s imports in September 🚨 59% of Turkey’s imports from Russia were oil products, and 28% comprised pipeline gas In Sept 2024, top EU importers were: 🇭🇺 Hungary 🇮🇹 Italy 🇫🇷 France 🇸🇰 Slovakia 🇨🇿 Czech Republic 📈 Italy, the second-largest buyer within the EU, exclusively imported Russian pipeline gas valued at EUR 281mn ⚠️These 5 EU countries paid Russia a total of EUR 1.3 bn for fossil fuels 🧩 EU Commission RePowerEU showing dividends as power generation via RES saw a 13% year-on-year rise in the first 3 quarters of 2024 📈 Surge in renewables saves 118 TWh of natural gas, contributing 10 percentage points to EU’s under gas storage 🚢 In Sept 2024, 34% of Russian oil and its products were transported by tankers subject to the oil price cap policy ⚠️ 86% of Russian crude oil was transported by ‘shadow’ tankers, not subject to the price cap 📉 In Sept 2024, the discount on Urals grade crude oil narrowed by 31% month-on-month and was traded at an average discount of USD 2.9 per barrel compared to Brent crude oil ⚠️ Prices of ESPO grade and Sokol blends decreased by 6% and 5%, respectively ⚠️ In Sept 2024, 393 vessels exported Russian crude oil and oil products, of which 221 were ‘shadow’ tankers ⚠️ EUR 379 mn of Russian oil underwent STS transfers in EU waters ⛔️ 72% of these STS transfers were facilitated by tankers owned/insured in G7+ countries ⚠️ Setting a lower oil price cap of USD 30 per barrel in December 2022 would have slashed Russian revenues by EUR 68 bn (25%) ⚠️ Lower price cap would have slashed Russian revenues by EUR 2.86 bn (26%) in September alone 🇷🇺 CREA’s Sept 2024 monthly analysis on fossil fuel exports from Russia now available here in English: ➡ https://lnkd.in/e23rbraA #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Europe #EU #FossilFuels #Russia #Sanctions #StandWithUkraine #Ukraine

📰 🇷🇺 SHADOW TANKERS | "After the full-scale invasion & the EU embargo on Russian crude oil, 96% of Russian crude oil now goes to Asia. It is a huge ecological issue & threat to these countries. Tourism, fishery sector, long-term damage to fauna & flora... societies might pay in the long term. There is a huge need in monitoring & enforcement...adequate insurance." Petras Katinas w/ TaiwanPlus news Read CREA report: ➡ https://lnkd.in/eaZHBD7D See news: ➡ https://lnkd.in/eDxwB3Rp See full interview: ➡ https://lnkd.in/ed7sWzag #Asia #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #Crude #Europe #EU #Russia #ShadowTankers #StandWithUkraine #Taiwan #TaiwanStrait #Oil #Ukraine

🇨🇳 NEW | Lauri Myllyvirta (CREA) & Byford Tsang (ECFR) warn that China’s policymakers are considering emission targets that are lagging far behind the reality of the country’s clean energy boom ⚠️ China risks submitting highly inadequate new emission targets under Paris agreement👇 🎯 China is due to submit new emission targets for 2030 and 2035 to the UN next year 🇺🇳 The country was responsible for >90% of global emissions growth since the Paris climate conference in 2015, so the targets that China sets now could make or break the Paris agreement 📂 The article reviews recent policies and statements from the Central Committee of the Communist Party, the State Council and the National Energy Administration, showing that they are still expecting emissions to keep rising until just before 2030 and to then fall very gradually 💡 In contrast, CREA’s recent survey of emission pathways proposed by Chinese and international researchers to meet the goals of the Paris agreement showed that China needs to reduce emissions by at least 30% from last year’s levels by 2035 🏛 Chinese policymakers’ lack of ambition is at odds with the country’s booming clean energy industry and other promising domestic trends ☀️ 💨 China’s solar and wind installations nearly doubled in 2023 compared with the year before and have continued to accelerate this year The current growth rate of clean energy, if maintained, is sufficient to cover all forecasted additional electricity demand in China, enabling emissions to peak. Driven by the clean energy expansion, China’s CO2 emissions have been falling since March 💡 Strong climate targets are also in China’s economic interest 🌿 The clean energy sector contributed a record USD 1.6 trillion to China’s economy in 2023, accounting for 9 percent of the country’s GDP and 40 percent of economic growth In addition, a weak climate goal from Beijing would affect trade policy; it would increase tensions by undermining China’s domestic market for clean tech, further inviting the ire of countries that are concerned about China’s manufacturing overcapacity and low-cost exports ⚠ China’s new targets are also a foreign policy consideration The country’s leaders will weigh the stance of other countries, including the upcoming Harris or Trump administrations in the U.S., as well as other important partners—i.e. the EU, United Kingdom, and other G-20 📣 The message to China has to be clear: Lip service to multilateralism and global climate action isn’t enough; Paris-aligned climate targets are essential Read the full article here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/evVHBWHb #CleanEnergy #CleanAir #China #ParisAgreements