Counselling in Wollstonecraft, NSW

Photo of Saba Larijani - Faheem Transpersonal Therapy and Coaching, MSc
Faheem Transpersonal Therapy and Coaching
MSc
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Hi there, I'm Saba. Informed by my Master of Science in Consciousness, Spirituality and Transpersonal Psychology, as well as my lived experiences, I am committed to helping individuals facing a range of well-being challenges. By delving into the origins of our beliefs and feelings through conscious and compassionate self-exploration, we uncover unique resources within ourselves and our environment that allow us to meet our challenges; physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually and in connection with others. Consequently, we flourish in Self-led, whole-person, balance and harmony.
Hi there, I'm Saba. Informed by my Master of Science in Consciousness, Spirituality and Transpersonal Psychology, as well as my lived experiences, I am committed to helping individuals facing a range of well-being challenges. By delving into the origins of our beliefs and feelings through conscious and compassionate self-exploration, we uncover unique resources within ourselves and our environment that allow us to meet our challenges; physically, mentally, emotionally, spiritually and in connection with others. Consequently, we flourish in Self-led, whole-person, balance and harmony.
(02) 9100 0887 View (02) 9100 0887
Photo of Gabriela Salabert, MA, FAPS, Psychologist
Gabriela Salabert
Psychologist, MA, FAPS
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Not accepting new clients
I provide clinical psychologist services and psychotherapy for adults, couples and families. l work with grief, depression, anxiety, relationships and family problems. Im also specialised on trauma work including Intergenerational trauma, Grief, Loss and Bereavement and Antenatal and Postnatal parental adjustments.
I provide clinical psychologist services and psychotherapy for adults, couples and families. l work with grief, depression, anxiety, relationships and family problems. Im also specialised on trauma work including Intergenerational trauma, Grief, Loss and Bereavement and Antenatal and Postnatal parental adjustments.
(02) 4058 2569 View (02) 4058 2569
Photo of Nina Thompson, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Nina Thompson
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Using a combination of therapy, the latest research in neurobiology and behavioural tools, I support my clients to understand themselves holistically - so that they are not caught up in the past or anxious about the future, but feel empowered to work with the reality of the present moment so that they can live rich and rewarding lives.
Using a combination of therapy, the latest research in neurobiology and behavioural tools, I support my clients to understand themselves holistically - so that they are not caught up in the past or anxious about the future, but feel empowered to work with the reality of the present moment so that they can live rich and rewarding lives.
(02) 9100 0186 View (02) 9100 0186
Photo of Anna Sheppard, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Anna Sheppard
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
I offer down-to-earth, evidence-based counselling and psychotherapy for teenagers and adults struggling with anxiety or stress. I help my clients understand and manage the fears, anxieties or negative self-beliefs that hold them back from living the life they hope for. Do you wish you were only more confident so you could do the things you really want to? You might be dreading facing school/uni/work every day. Or you might be dealing with difficult feelings around family separation or conflict, relocation, or have other deeper worries that you find difficult to talk through with your closest friends and family.
I offer down-to-earth, evidence-based counselling and psychotherapy for teenagers and adults struggling with anxiety or stress. I help my clients understand and manage the fears, anxieties or negative self-beliefs that hold them back from living the life they hope for. Do you wish you were only more confident so you could do the things you really want to? You might be dreading facing school/uni/work every day. Or you might be dealing with difficult feelings around family separation or conflict, relocation, or have other deeper worries that you find difficult to talk through with your closest friends and family.
(02) 9100 0020 View (02) 9100 0020
Jacqueline Lim
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
I work with adults who are seeking to find meaning, direction and self growth in their lives. They may be going through stressful life events, major milestones in their relationships or health, changes of roles, and other life adversities.
I work with adults who are seeking to find meaning, direction and self growth in their lives. They may be going through stressful life events, major milestones in their relationships or health, changes of roles, and other life adversities.
(02) 8880 9015 View (02) 8880 9015
Photo of James Norman O'Connor - Clear Day Counselling and Coaching Services, ACA-L4, Counsellor
Clear Day Counselling and Coaching Services
Counsellor, ACA-L4
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Do you struggle with confidence, or are you having problems with relationships? Do you struggle with drugs and or alcohol use problems? If you do you're not alone we can help. Are you having problems, at work with difficult people, are you having difficulty with confidence in social settings, do you struggle to cope with life because you are just overwhelmed by it all. At Clear Day Counseling and Coaching Services we help people with anxiety, stress, depression, relationships, confidence and drug and alcohol use problems. We're friendly, professional and highly trained. We can help you get your confidence and enthusiasm for life
Do you struggle with confidence, or are you having problems with relationships? Do you struggle with drugs and or alcohol use problems? If you do you're not alone we can help. Are you having problems, at work with difficult people, are you having difficulty with confidence in social settings, do you struggle to cope with life because you are just overwhelmed by it all. At Clear Day Counseling and Coaching Services we help people with anxiety, stress, depression, relationships, confidence and drug and alcohol use problems. We're friendly, professional and highly trained. We can help you get your confidence and enthusiasm for life
(02) 9100 0799 View (02) 9100 0799
Photo of Isabella Kidd, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Isabella Kidd
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
I am a warm, pragmatic and strengths-based psychologist, whose goal is to build long-lasting, healthy change in your life. My aim is for you to walk away from sessions with actionable goals and a better understanding of yourself, feeling empowered to use a personalised toolbox of strategies to facilitate this long-lasting change. I am passionate about tailoring therapy to your specific needs. I have a Bachelor of Psychology (Honours) and Masters of Clinical Psychology.
I am a warm, pragmatic and strengths-based psychologist, whose goal is to build long-lasting, healthy change in your life. My aim is for you to walk away from sessions with actionable goals and a better understanding of yourself, feeling empowered to use a personalised toolbox of strategies to facilitate this long-lasting change. I am passionate about tailoring therapy to your specific needs. I have a Bachelor of Psychology (Honours) and Masters of Clinical Psychology.
(02) 9100 0616 View (02) 9100 0616
Photo of Naomi Halls, PsychD, MAPS, Psychologist
Naomi Halls
Psychologist, PsychD, MAPS
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
In my role as a clinical psychologist I will listen to you, the expert in your own life, to guide us in your treatment goals. Therapy can be short term and specific, or you may wish to have a safe and contemplative space to explore re- occurring themes in your life. You may need to examine and reset patterns of behaviour so your family/relationships can flourish and enjoy wellbeing, or you may be a performing artist or student struggling with performance anxiety, perfectionism and goal setting.
In my role as a clinical psychologist I will listen to you, the expert in your own life, to guide us in your treatment goals. Therapy can be short term and specific, or you may wish to have a safe and contemplative space to explore re- occurring themes in your life. You may need to examine and reset patterns of behaviour so your family/relationships can flourish and enjoy wellbeing, or you may be a performing artist or student struggling with performance anxiety, perfectionism and goal setting.
(02) 9158 6190 View (02) 9158 6190
Photo of Elizabeth Giles, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Elizabeth Giles
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
As every parent knows, your child’s well-being and happiness are the most important things in the world. As the Principal Child Psychologist at Cadence Psychology, Elizabeth is best placed to help your child overcome life’s obstacles which may be getting in the way of them being at their best at school, home and with friends. Elizabeth is a warm and compassionate psychologist with over fifteen years experience supporting children and their families in a variety of education and other settings including primary schools.
As every parent knows, your child’s well-being and happiness are the most important things in the world. As the Principal Child Psychologist at Cadence Psychology, Elizabeth is best placed to help your child overcome life’s obstacles which may be getting in the way of them being at their best at school, home and with friends. Elizabeth is a warm and compassionate psychologist with over fifteen years experience supporting children and their families in a variety of education and other settings including primary schools.
(02) 9100 0756 View (02) 9100 0756
Photo of Nam-Hee Kim Pellegrin, MPsych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Nam-Hee Kim Pellegrin
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Nam-Hee is a registered Clinical Psychologist and a Graduate of Hakomi Therapy with over 18 years of experience working with individuals, adolescents, and parents with young children in private practice and specialised public health care settings. Nam-Hee is trained in an attachment informed, somatic & mindfulness based psychotherapy (Hakomi). She is also an Australian Health Practitioners’ Registration Agency (AHPRA) approved clinical supervisor. Nam-Hee has had extensive experience working with people with complex and chronic mental health presentations.
Nam-Hee is a registered Clinical Psychologist and a Graduate of Hakomi Therapy with over 18 years of experience working with individuals, adolescents, and parents with young children in private practice and specialised public health care settings. Nam-Hee is trained in an attachment informed, somatic & mindfulness based psychotherapy (Hakomi). She is also an Australian Health Practitioners’ Registration Agency (AHPRA) approved clinical supervisor. Nam-Hee has had extensive experience working with people with complex and chronic mental health presentations.
(02) 7804 4070 View (02) 7804 4070
Photo of Charmaine Bradley - Relationship Psychotherapy : Trauma Sensitive Care, MPsych, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Relationship Psychotherapy : Trauma Sensitive Care
Psychotherapist, MPsych, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Life can throw up sticky moments which can feel experientially ‘heavy’. Where once we seemed to have managed well enough, where now it feels like something else is needed to meet that moment in a more enduring way. I platform a space that is safe, secure and stable that holds our work together in finding a more enduring way forward. “The most difficult thing is the decision to act, the rest is merely tenacity. The fears are paper tigers. You can do anything you decide to do. You can act to change and control your life; and the process is its own reward”. Amelia Earhart
Life can throw up sticky moments which can feel experientially ‘heavy’. Where once we seemed to have managed well enough, where now it feels like something else is needed to meet that moment in a more enduring way. I platform a space that is safe, secure and stable that holds our work together in finding a more enduring way forward. “The most difficult thing is the decision to act, the rest is merely tenacity. The fears are paper tigers. You can do anything you decide to do. You can act to change and control your life; and the process is its own reward”. Amelia Earhart
(02) 9541 8740 View (02) 9541 8740
Photo of David Roberts, Counsellor
David Roberts
Counsellor
Verified Verified
Wollstonecraft, NSW 2065
Hi, for the last 20 years I have been working with people who are experiencing challenges in their relationships. Conflict and communication problems often at the heart of these challenges. For many years I saw this when mediating with couples or parents who had decided to separate. Now through counselling I prefer to focus on the source of the problems before its too late. My particular motivation is to prevent conflict having a negative impact on children when they are involved.
Hi, for the last 20 years I have been working with people who are experiencing challenges in their relationships. Conflict and communication problems often at the heart of these challenges. For many years I saw this when mediating with couples or parents who had decided to separate. Now through counselling I prefer to focus on the source of the problems before its too late. My particular motivation is to prevent conflict having a negative impact on children when they are involved.
(02) 9100 0812 View (02) 9100 0812

More Therapists Nearby

Photo of Lila Juliette Pesa, Psychotherapist
Lila Juliette Pesa
Psychotherapist
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
North Sydney, NSW 2060
I support self-discovery and self-expression by offering a respectful, compassionate and attuned presence, therapeutic skills and experience; honoring the emergence of clients' deep inner wisdom and a self-empowered way of living. I offer support with meaning making and facilitating post-traumatic growth. My clients are those affected by childhood trauma / attachment traumas, re-living emotional pain from the past; dealing with addictive patterns, disordered eating, complex family dynamics, ancestral trauma, relationship issues - family or peers, body image and self-identity.
I support self-discovery and self-expression by offering a respectful, compassionate and attuned presence, therapeutic skills and experience; honoring the emergence of clients' deep inner wisdom and a self-empowered way of living. I offer support with meaning making and facilitating post-traumatic growth. My clients are those affected by childhood trauma / attachment traumas, re-living emotional pain from the past; dealing with addictive patterns, disordered eating, complex family dynamics, ancestral trauma, relationship issues - family or peers, body image and self-identity.
(02) 9100 0902 View (02) 9100 0902
Photo of Jh Venter - Renew Clinical Psychology, MAPS, Psychologist
Renew Clinical Psychology
Psychologist, MAPS
Verified Verified
North Willoughby, NSW 2068
I am JH Venter a clinical psychologist with over 20 years of experience. I have worked in a variety of public and private sector settings, recently leading a team of mental health professionals at UNSW, where we cared for the student population. I am passionate about helping clients to achieve their full potential. I support clients transitioning into adulthood and adults navigating various life stages and obstacles by providing evidence-based treatment such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Mindfulness, and Solution Focused Therapy.
I am JH Venter a clinical psychologist with over 20 years of experience. I have worked in a variety of public and private sector settings, recently leading a team of mental health professionals at UNSW, where we cared for the student population. I am passionate about helping clients to achieve their full potential. I support clients transitioning into adulthood and adults navigating various life stages and obstacles by providing evidence-based treatment such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT), Mindfulness, and Solution Focused Therapy.
(02) 8599 0662 View (02) 8599 0662
Photo of Clarissa Mosley - Calm Mind Psychology, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Calm Mind Psychology
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Crows Nest, NSW 2065  (Online Only)
Online : As a psychotherapist and a registered psychologist I have experience in many modalities. Empathically oriented, I like to get to the root cause of your current struggle and offer practical solutions. I work best with people who have already had some therapy and know that personal growth and healing is ongoing and absolutely worth it. Psychotherapy explores your current issues through the lens of your past. It's not all about "tell me how you feel", or talking about your childhood, but if this isn't taken into consideration we can't get the entire picture of how to help you be the fullest version of your true authentic self.
Online : As a psychotherapist and a registered psychologist I have experience in many modalities. Empathically oriented, I like to get to the root cause of your current struggle and offer practical solutions. I work best with people who have already had some therapy and know that personal growth and healing is ongoing and absolutely worth it. Psychotherapy explores your current issues through the lens of your past. It's not all about "tell me how you feel", or talking about your childhood, but if this isn't taken into consideration we can't get the entire picture of how to help you be the fullest version of your true authentic self.
(02) 9100 0139 View (02) 9100 0139
Photo of Tara Trewartha, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych, Psychologist
Tara Trewartha
Psychologist, MPsych, PsyBA - Clin. Psych
Verified Verified
Balmain, NSW 2041
I enjoy working with people of all ages and backgrounds, and pride myself on providing a safe, compassionate and non-judgemental space. I am passionate about helping people to build on their individual strengths and develop new skills. If you are hoping to experience a greater quality of life, find some direction, or achieve your goals, it would be a privilege for me to offer you guidance and support.
I enjoy working with people of all ages and backgrounds, and pride myself on providing a safe, compassionate and non-judgemental space. I am passionate about helping people to build on their individual strengths and develop new skills. If you are hoping to experience a greater quality of life, find some direction, or achieve your goals, it would be a privilege for me to offer you guidance and support.
(02) 9100 0805 View (02) 9100 0805
Photo of Kelsey Hendrickson, MA, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Kelsey Hendrickson
Psychotherapist, MA, PACFA
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Crows Nest, NSW 2065
I am a female counsellor / psychotherapist working in private practice at Exclusive Wellbeing in Parramatta and in my own clinic in Crows Nest. With a rich tapestry of life experiences, including parenthood, a corporate career, and years of teaching yoga, I bring a holistic approach to therapy. I enjoy helping clients better understand themselves on a deep, wholistic level. I hope to make my clients feel seen and heard in my therapy space. I have a special interest in counselling people struggling with fertility, pregnancy and the transition to parenthood.
I am a female counsellor / psychotherapist working in private practice at Exclusive Wellbeing in Parramatta and in my own clinic in Crows Nest. With a rich tapestry of life experiences, including parenthood, a corporate career, and years of teaching yoga, I bring a holistic approach to therapy. I enjoy helping clients better understand themselves on a deep, wholistic level. I hope to make my clients feel seen and heard in my therapy space. I have a special interest in counselling people struggling with fertility, pregnancy and the transition to parenthood.
(02) 7804 4271 View (02) 7804 4271
Photo of Dr Sarah Lal, PACFA, Psychotherapist
Dr Sarah Lal
Psychotherapist, PACFA
Verified Verified
Balmain, NSW 2041
Sarah is a dual qualified Psychotherapist and Osteopath and grounds her ethos in the equal importance of your body, mind, and spirit in your well-being. Her holistic approach is strongly influenced by Somatic Psychotherapy and supported by her Osteopathic knowledge and expertise. Therapeutic modalities range from Mindfulness and Somatic Therapy, Contemporary Psychodynamic Therapy, and Creative Arts Therapy. Sarah's trauma-informed person-centred approach establishes a safe space before delving into your concerns. She enjoys the privilege of helping people find their innermost happiness and live life authentically.
Sarah is a dual qualified Psychotherapist and Osteopath and grounds her ethos in the equal importance of your body, mind, and spirit in your well-being. Her holistic approach is strongly influenced by Somatic Psychotherapy and supported by her Osteopathic knowledge and expertise. Therapeutic modalities range from Mindfulness and Somatic Therapy, Contemporary Psychodynamic Therapy, and Creative Arts Therapy. Sarah's trauma-informed person-centred approach establishes a safe space before delving into your concerns. She enjoys the privilege of helping people find their innermost happiness and live life authentically.
(02) 9159 6596 View (02) 9159 6596
Photo of Anya Grichina - Intimate Matters, MSc, PACFA, Counsellor
Intimate Matters
Counsellor, MSc, PACFA
Verified Verified
North Sydney, NSW 2060
I am a qualified sexuality counsellor with a Bachelor of Counselling and Masters of Science in Medicine (Sexual Health) from The University of Sydney. My mission is to help my clients enjoy fulfilling and vibrant intimacy at any age and stage of their lives.
I am a qualified sexuality counsellor with a Bachelor of Counselling and Masters of Science in Medicine (Sexual Health) from The University of Sydney. My mission is to help my clients enjoy fulfilling and vibrant intimacy at any age and stage of their lives.
0422 959 797 View 0422 959 797
Photo of Nadia Sologuren - Inner Psych, PsyBA General, Psychologist
Inner Psych
Psychologist, PsyBA General
Verified Verified
Milsons Point, NSW 2061  (Online Only)
A fully registered psychologist with over 20 years of experience where she has treated and helped multiple clients through their struggles. She is extremely attentive and rooting for you to be your best self. Therapy might feel like an uphill battle but Nadia will take you through the whole process of recovery and growth. She offers her services in Spanish as well as English.
A fully registered psychologist with over 20 years of experience where she has treated and helped multiple clients through their struggles. She is extremely attentive and rooting for you to be your best self. Therapy might feel like an uphill battle but Nadia will take you through the whole process of recovery and growth. She offers her services in Spanish as well as English.
(02) 9100 0729 View (02) 9100 0729

See more therapy options for Wollstonecraft

How does your Counsellor compare?

Number of Counsellors in Wollstonecraft, NSW

10+

Average cost per session

$190

Counsellors in Wollstonecraft, NSW who prioritize treating:

83% Relationship Issues
83% Depression
83% Anxiety
83% Self Esteem
75% Parenting
67% Other
67% Family Conflict

Average years in practice

19 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

75% Bupa
50% CUA Health
50% GMHBA

How Counsellors in Wollstonecraft, NSW see their clients

100% In Person and Online

Gender breakdown

82% Female
18% Male
FAQs - About Therapy and Counselling

How can I find a therapist in Wollstonecraft?

Search for nearby psychologists or counsellors by inputting your city, suburb, postcode, or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or postcode into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

Counsellors and Psychotherapists listed in the directory are members of the main professional associations, mainly the Australian Counselling Association and the Psychotherapy and Counselling Federation of Australia. Psychologists must be registered in the Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency (AHPRA). Most Social Workers listed in the directory are members of the Australian Association of Social Workers (AASW).

Providers whose professional membership or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Given that professional memberships are not a statutory requirement for social workers, psychotherapists and counsellors in Australia, certain qualified professionals or organisations may choose not to maintain such memberships despite possessing the necessary qualifications. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counsellor?

Counsellors, psychotherapists and psychologists can all provide counselling or talking therapy and have credentials and experience that enable them to do so in Australia.

Psychologists have earned a 4 year undergraduate degree in psychology and have completed a postgraduate internship or postgraduate degree. Psychotherapists generally have an undergraduate degree in a health related field in addition to 3-4 years of specialist training in psychotherapy and a period of personal psychotherapy. In order to belong to a professional organisation such as the ACA or PACFA, counsellors and psychotherapists are required to have completed a certain level of AQF qualifications and/ or an approved training course as well as clinical and supervision hours. Social Workers registered with the AASW are required to have a Bachelor’s or Master’s degree in Social Work from an accredited institution.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, the cost of a therapy session in Australia could be between $100 and $250. If you have private insurance, your plan may cover some if not all of your sessions. You should contact your insurance provider to determine if they provide coverage for therapy sessions and to determine what, if any, requirements they might have in order for your sessions to be covered, such as a referral from your GP or medical specialist.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

If you are struggling to access therapy due to budget constraints, you could also consider public funded mental health services. The Better Access Scheme is a government program offering Medicare rebates for mental health care. To access the program you will need to be assessed and diagnosed by your GP and get a Mental Health Plan. This will allow you to receive up to 10 individual sessions and 10 group sessions a year with practitioners who accept bulk billing, with no out of pocket costs for you.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your postcode.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Therapists who are part of a professional organisation such as the ACA, PACFA, or the APS are bound by an ethical framework that requires them to uphold a confidentiality agreement. Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship and only under specific circumstances, such as when there is the potential or known harm to the client or others or when a minor is in danger, will a therapist be obligated to break the agreement. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed during the initial consultation.

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