June 13, 2023, Vol 329, No. 22, Pages 1897-1995

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):e2215935. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15935

Audio: Defining Long COVID, Behavioral Intervention for Childhood Obesity, Review of Fluid Therapy for Sepsis, and more

Original Investigation

Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin and Recurrent VTE in Patients With Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Deborah Schrag, MD, MPH; Hajime Uno, PhD; Rachel Rosovsky, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1924-1933. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7843

This randomized trial assesses the comparative effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants vs low-molecular-weight heparin on rate of 6-month recurrence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among patients with cancer who had a new diagnosis of VTE.

Development of a Definition of Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Tanayott Thaweethai, PhD; Sarah E. Jolley, MD, MS; Elizabeth W. Karlson, MD, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1934-1946. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8823

This study aims to develop a definition of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) based on self-reported symptoms and describe PASC frequencies across cohorts, vaccination status, and number of infections using a cohort of adults with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Editorial
Disentangling the Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: E Unibus Pluram (From One, Many)
Robert Gross, MD, MSCE; Vincent Lo Re III, MD, MSCE

JAMA

Family-Based Behavioral Treatment for Childhood Obesity Implemented in Pediatric Primary Care: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Leonard H. Epstein, PhD; Denise E. Wilfley, PhD; Colleen Kilanowski, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1947-1956. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8061

This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effects of family-based treatment implemented in primary care pediatric settings on weight change for children with overweight or obesity.

Editorial
Behavioral Interventions for Treating Childhood Obesity
William J. Heerman, MD, MPH; Ian M. Paul, MD, MSc; Amanda E. Staiano, PhD, MPP

JAMA

Minithoracotomy vs Conventional Sternotomy for Mitral Valve Repair: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Enoch F. Akowuah, MD; Rebecca H. Maier, MSc; Helen C. Hancock, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1957-1966. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7800

This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness and safety of minithoracotomy vs sternotomy mitral valve repair.

Editorial
Valve Repair for Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation
Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MD

JAMA

Research Letter

Treatments Used Among Adolescent Residential Addiction Treatment Facilities in the US, 2022

Caroline King, PhD, MPH; Tamara Beetham, MPH; Natashia Smith, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1983-1985. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6266

This study surveyed US adolescent residential addiction treatment facilities to assess treatments used for adolescents younger than 18 years seeking treatment for opioid use disorder.

Six-Month Follow-up of a Trial of Spinal Cord Burst Stimulation vs Placebo Stimulation and Disability in Patients With Chronic Radicular Pain After Lumbar Spine Surgery

Sozaburo Hara, MD; Hege Andresen, RN, MSc; Ole Solheim, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1985-1986. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6780

This follow-up study examines back pain–related disability at 6 months following a randomized trial of spinal cord burst stimulation for chronic radicular pain after lumbar spine surgery.

Viewpoint

Childhood Obesity at the Crossroads of Science and Social Justice

David S. Ludwig, MD, PhD; Jens J. Holst, MD, DMSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1909-1910. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7592

This Viewpoint considers the best approaches for treating obesity in youth and argues that better funding is needed for new dietary treatments and reimbursement for behavioral interventions.

Abortion Miscoding—Legal Risks for Clinicians and Hospital Systems

Sravya Chary, MBE, MS; Danielle Pacia, MBE; Carmel Shachar, JD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1911-1912. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6278

This Viewpoint discusses the legal risks physicians and health care facilities may incur by miscoding a surgical or chemical abortion as a miscarriage to conceal an abortion procedure.

Audio: Legal Risks of Abortion Miscoding

Ethical Concerns for Amnioinfusions to Treat Early-Onset Anhydramnios

Omri David Soffer, MD; Teri J. Mauch, MD, PhD; Melissa A. Muff-Luett, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1913-1914. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6329

This Viewpoint discusses the long-term medical, emotional, and financial implications of using amnioinfusion to treat anhydramnios; outlines the ongoing Renal Anhydramnios Fetal Therapy (RAFT) trial, which aims to document outcomes and survival in infants after amnioinfusion; and suggests that amnioinfusions be withheld in early anhydramnios, pending the findings of the RAFT trial.

Engaging Medicare Beneficiaries in Coverage Choices

Barak D. Richman, JD, PhD; Kevin A. Schulman, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1915-1916. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6371

This Viewpoint discusses the recently announced monthly Medicare Part B premium hike and the limited role beneficiaries play in decisions about their coverage, and proposes ways to engage Medicare beneficiaries in program decisions.

A Piece of My Mind

The After

Jennifer Frank, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1917. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8114

In this narrative medicine essay, a family physician marks the moments of dread, fear, trauma, joy, and relief that began the day she was diagnosed with breast cancer to the more than 10 years of survival.

Editorial

Disentangling the Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2: E Unibus Pluram (From One, Many)

Robert Gross, MD, MSCE; Vincent Lo Re III, MD, MSCE

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1918-1919. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8961

Behavioral Interventions for Treating Childhood Obesity

William J. Heerman, MD, MPH; Ian M. Paul, MD, MSc; Amanda E. Staiano, PhD, MPP

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1920-1921. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.1730

Valve Repair for Degenerative Mitral Regurgitation

Maurice Enriquez-Sarano, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2023;329(22):1922-1923. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.9668

Review

Fluid Therapy for Critically Ill Adults With Sepsis: A Review

Fernando G. Zampieri, MD, PhD; Sean M. Bagshaw, MD, MSc; Matthew W. Semler, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1967-1980. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.7560

This review summarizes the 4 phases of fluid therapy used for critically ill patients with sepsis: resuscitation, optimization, stabilization, and evacuation.

Audio: Fluid Therapy for Critically Ill Adults With Sepsis

JAMA Insights

Women's Health

Asthma in Pregnancy

Jenny Huang, MD; Jennifer Namazy, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1981-1982. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.5588

This JAMA Insights in the Women’s Health series examines the management of asthma during pregnancy, including diagnosis, treatment, and the handling of exacerbations.

Editor's Note

Crying in my Car—Poetry vs Distancing

Rafael Campo, MA, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1990. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.8558

Medical News & Perspectives

As Laws Restricting Health Care Surge, Some US Physicians Choose Between Fight or Flight

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2023;329(22):1899-1903. doi:10.1001/jama.2023.6056

In this Medical News article, 13 physicians and health care experts spoke with JAMA about the increasing efforts to criminalize evidence-based medical care in the US.